@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@300;400;500;600&display=swap');

:root{
  --bg:#fcfbf8;
  --paper:#ffffff;
  --ink:#25282b;
  --muted:#6f7378;
  --line:#e8e6e1;
  --blue:#3f6fa8;
  --blue-soft:#eef4fa;
  --max:930px;
}

*{box-sizing:border-box}
html{scroll-behavior:smooth}
body{margin:0;background:var(--bg);color:var(--ink);font-family:'Inter',ui-sans-serif,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',sans-serif;font-size:15px;font-weight:300;line-height:1.7;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}
a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}a:hover{color:var(--blue)}img{max-width:100%;display:block}
.container{max-width:var(--max);margin:0 auto;padding:0 28px}

.nav{background:rgba(252,251,248,.96);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.nav-inner{min-height:64px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px}
.brand{font-size:.93rem;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-.01em}
.brand span{display:none}
.nav-links{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:20px;font-size:.78rem;color:#5e6267}
.nav-links a{padding:22px 0;border-bottom:1px solid transparent}
.nav-links a:hover,.nav-links a.active{color:var(--blue);border-color:var(--blue)}
.menu-btn{display:none;border:0;background:transparent;font:inherit;font-size:1.25rem}

.hero{padding:58px 0 46px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.hero-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:150px 1fr;gap:38px;align-items:start}
.portrait-wrap{grid-column:1;grid-row:1}
.hero-copy{grid-column:2;grid-row:1}
.hero-photo{width:145px;height:175px;object-fit:cover;border-radius:2px;filter:saturate(.9)}
.eyebrow{text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.12em;font-size:.64rem;font-weight:500;color:var(--blue);margin-bottom:9px}
.hero h1{font-size:2.25rem;line-height:1.18;letter-spacing:-.035em;font-weight:400;margin:0 0 14px}
.hero .lead{font-size:1rem;color:#555b61;max-width:620px;margin:0}
.btns{display:flex;gap:16px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-top:19px}
.btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;padding:0;font-size:.8rem;font-weight:400;color:var(--blue);border:0;background:none;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(63,111,168,.35);border-radius:0}
.btn:hover{border-color:var(--blue)}
.btn-primary,.btn-secondary{background:none;color:var(--blue);border:0;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(63,111,168,.35);padding:0}

section{padding:48px 0}.soft{background:transparent;border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:0}.about-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:160px 1fr;gap:28px;align-items:start}
.section-head{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:baseline;gap:24px;margin-bottom:20px}
.section-head h2,.about-grid h2,.research-intro h2,.contact-strip h2,.split h2{font-size:1.42rem;line-height:1.3;letter-spacing:-.025em;font-weight:400;margin:0}
.section-head p{max-width:560px;color:var(--muted);margin:0;font-size:.88rem}.prose p{color:#4e5358;margin:0 0 .9rem;max-width:700px}
.text-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:7px 18px;margin-top:18px}.text-links a,.arrow-link{color:var(--blue);font-size:.78rem;font-weight:400;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(63,111,168,.3);padding-bottom:1px}.text-links.vertical{display:grid;gap:8px;justify-items:start}

.cards{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:0 34px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.card{display:block;background:transparent;border:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:20px 0;min-height:0}
.card:hover{transform:none;box-shadow:none}.num{color:var(--blue);font-size:.62rem;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:.1em;margin-bottom:8px}.card h3{font-size:.98rem;line-height:1.4;font-weight:400;margin:0 0 5px}.card p{color:var(--muted);font-size:.82rem;margin:0}

.list{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.paper{padding:16px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.paper h3{font-size:.93rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.45;margin:0 0 5px}.meta{color:var(--muted);font-size:.78rem}.pill{display:inline-block;background:transparent;border:0;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(63,111,168,.28);padding:0 0 1px;font-size:.7rem;font-weight:400;margin-right:10px;margin-top:8px;color:var(--blue)}
.news-list{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.news-item{display:grid;grid-template-columns:78px 1fr;gap:20px;padding:14px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.news-item strong{font-weight:400}.news-date{color:var(--muted);font-size:.72rem}.small{font-size:.76rem;color:var(--muted);margin-top:2px}

.contact-strip{padding:40px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);background:transparent}.contact-strip-inner{display:flex;align-items:baseline;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px}

.page-hero{padding:48px 0 32px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.page-hero.compact{padding-bottom:32px}.page-hero p{font-size:.9rem;color:var(--muted);max-width:660px;margin-bottom:0}.page-hero h1{font-size:2rem;line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-.035em;font-weight:400;margin:0 0 10px;max-width:760px}

.research-section{display:grid;grid-template-columns:220px 1fr;gap:42px;align-items:start}.research-intro{position:static}.research-intro p{color:var(--muted);max-width:410px;font-size:.84rem}.project-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.project-card{background:transparent;border:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:17px 0;min-height:0}.project-card span{text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.1em;font-size:.6rem;color:var(--blue);font-weight:500}.project-card h3{font-size:.96rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.4;margin:5px 0 4px}.project-card p{font-size:.81rem;color:var(--muted);margin:0}

.people-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:28px 22px}.person{background:transparent;border:0;padding:0}.person h3{font-size:.9rem;font-weight:400;margin:0}.person .role{color:var(--muted);font-size:.73rem;margin-top:2px}.person p{color:var(--muted);font-size:.77rem;margin-top:7px}.profile-photo{width:100%;height:180px;object-fit:cover;margin-bottom:10px;filter:saturate(.85);border-radius:2px}.person-featured{display:grid;grid-template-columns:120px 1fr;gap:22px;align-items:start;max-width:620px}.person-featured .profile-photo{width:120px;height:145px;margin:0}.avatar{width:58px;height:58px;display:grid;place-items:center;background:var(--blue-soft);color:var(--blue);font-size:.82rem;font-weight:400;margin-bottom:12px}.alumni{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.alumni-item{background:transparent;border:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:11px 0}.alumni-item strong{display:inline;font-size:.82rem;font-weight:400}.alumni-item span{color:var(--muted);font-size:.77rem;margin-left:8px}

.teaching-grid,.service-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:0 34px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.split{display:grid;grid-template-columns:220px 1fr;gap:42px}.quote{border-left:1px solid var(--blue);padding:2px 0 2px 15px;color:#555b61;font-size:.9rem}
.pub-controls{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:7px;margin:0 0 20px}.filter{border:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);background:transparent;color:#65696d;padding:5px 2px;font:inherit;font-size:.72rem;cursor:pointer}.filter.active,.filter:hover{background:transparent;color:var(--blue);border-color:var(--blue)}.pub-card{padding:17px 0!important;background:transparent!important;border:0!important;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)!important;min-height:0!important}.pub-top{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;margin-bottom:6px}.pub-year{font-weight:400;color:var(--blue)}.pub-type{text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.08em;font-size:.6rem;color:var(--muted)}.pub-tags{margin-top:6px}.pub-actions{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px;margin-top:9px}.paper-link{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;font-weight:400;color:var(--blue);background:transparent;padding:0;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(63,111,168,.3);border-radius:0;font-size:.7rem}.paper-link.subtle{background:transparent;color:var(--blue);border:0;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(63,111,168,.3)}.pub-note{margin-top:20px;color:var(--muted);font-size:.78rem}
.contact-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:0 36px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.contact-card{background:transparent;border:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:22px 0;min-height:0}.contact-card h2{font-size:1.02rem;line-height:1.4;font-weight:400;margin:.15rem 0 .55rem}.contact-card p{color:var(--muted);font-size:.82rem}

.footer{padding:32px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--muted)}.footer-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.4fr .7fr .7fr;gap:30px}.footer h3{font-size:.78rem;color:var(--ink);font-weight:400;margin:0 0 7px}.footer p,.footer a{font-size:.72rem}.footer a{display:block;margin:3px 0}

@media(max-width:820px){.nav-links{display:none;position:absolute;top:64px;left:0;right:0;background:var(--bg);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:14px 28px 18px;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:0}.nav-links.open{display:flex}.nav-links a{padding:7px 0}.menu-btn{display:block}.hero-grid{grid-template-columns:110px 1fr;gap:24px}.hero-photo{width:105px;height:130px}.about-grid,.research-section,.split{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}.cards{grid-template-columns:1fr}.people-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}.footer-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.contact-strip-inner{align-items:flex-start}}
@media(max-width:560px){.container{padding:0 20px}.hero{padding:40px 0 34px}.hero-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.portrait-wrap,.hero-copy{grid-column:1}.portrait-wrap{grid-row:1}.hero-copy{grid-row:2}.hero-photo{width:100px;height:120px}.hero h1{font-size:1.85rem}.page-hero{padding:38px 0 25px}.page-hero h1{font-size:1.65rem}.people-grid,.teaching-grid,.contact-grid,.footer-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.section-head,.contact-strip-inner{display:block}.section-head .arrow-link,.contact-strip .btn{display:inline-flex;margin-top:12px}.news-item{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:2px}.person-featured{grid-template-columns:90px 1fr}.person-featured .profile-photo{width:90px;height:110px}section{padding:38px 0}}

/* v5 refinements */
.social-icons{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;margin-top:18px;flex-wrap:wrap}
.social-icons a{width:28px;height:28px;display:grid;place-items:center;border:1px solid var(--line);background:rgba(255,255,255,.55);border-radius:50%;color:#4f5b66;transition:.18s ease}
.social-icons a:hover{color:var(--blue);border-color:#c9d8e6;transform:translateY(-1px)}
.social-icons svg{width:14px;height:14px;fill:currentColor}.social-icons .icon-cut{fill:var(--bg)}

.lab-hero-inner{display:grid;grid-template-columns:150px 1fr;gap:34px;align-items:center}.lab-logo{width:145px;max-height:145px;object-fit:contain;mix-blend-mode:multiply}

.theme-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:185px 1fr;gap:46px;align-items:start}.theme-visual{padding-top:4px;position:sticky;top:90px}.theme-visual img{width:170px;height:auto}.theme-content h2{font-size:1.55rem;line-height:1.28;letter-spacing:-.025em;font-weight:400;margin:0 0 9px}.theme-summary{color:#555b61;max-width:680px;margin:0 0 24px;font-size:.9rem}.subareas{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.subarea{padding:18px 0 19px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);display:grid;grid-template-columns:200px 1fr;gap:7px 28px}.subarea h3{font-size:.92rem;line-height:1.4;font-weight:500;margin:0;grid-row:1/4}.subarea>p{font-size:.8rem;color:var(--muted);margin:0 0 3px;max-width:580px}.paper-mini{display:flex;gap:14px;align-items:baseline;justify-content:space-between;font-size:.76rem;line-height:1.45;padding-top:5px}.paper-mini a{color:#333b42}.paper-mini a:hover{color:var(--blue)}.paper-mini span{color:var(--muted);font-size:.69rem;white-space:nowrap}.ongoing{font-size:.72rem;color:var(--blue);margin-top:5px;font-style:italic}

.alumni-list{border-top:1px solid var(--line);max-width:760px}.alumni-line{display:grid;grid-template-columns:230px 1fr;gap:24px;padding:9px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);align-items:baseline}.alumni-line strong{font-size:.8rem;font-weight:400}.alumni-line span{font-size:.75rem;color:var(--muted)}.alumni-line.alumni-phd{padding:13px 0}.alumni-line.alumni-phd strong{font-weight:500;color:var(--ink)}

@media(max-width:820px){.lab-hero-inner,.theme-row{grid-template-columns:1fr}.lab-logo{width:115px}.theme-visual{position:static}.theme-visual img{width:145px}.subarea{grid-template-columns:1fr}.subarea h3{grid-row:auto}.alumni-line{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:2px}.paper-mini{display:block}.paper-mini span{display:block;margin-top:2px}}

/* generated research pillar illustrations */
.research-card{display:grid;grid-template-columns:92px 1fr;gap:18px;align-items:center}
.research-card img{width:92px;height:78px;object-fit:contain;mix-blend-mode:multiply}
.theme-visual img{width:175px;height:155px;object-fit:contain;mix-blend-mode:multiply}
@media(max-width:560px){.research-card{grid-template-columns:76px 1fr;gap:14px}.research-card img{width:76px;height:68px}}

/* v7: ultra-compact professional/social links */
.social-icons{gap:7px;margin-top:15px}
.social-icons a{
  width:15px;
  height:15px;
  border:0;
  background:transparent;
  border-radius:0;
  color:#56616b;
  padding:0;
}
.social-icons a:hover{color:var(--blue);border:0;transform:none}
.social-icons svg{width:11px;height:11px;fill:currentColor}
.social-icons .icon-cut{fill:var(--bg)}

/* Keep the same pillar artwork visible on the dedicated Research page. */
.theme-visual img{
  width:100%;
  max-width:175px;
  height:auto;
  object-fit:contain;
  mix-blend-mode:multiply;
}

/* v8 homepage scale reset: compact editorial proportions */
.hero{padding:34px 0 30px}
.hero-grid{grid-template-columns:92px 1fr;gap:24px;align-items:center}
.hero-photo{width:82px;height:98px;object-fit:cover;border-radius:2px}
.hero h1{font-size:1.72rem;line-height:1.2;margin:0 0 9px;letter-spacing:-.028em}
.hero .lead{font-size:.88rem;line-height:1.62;max-width:610px}
.hero .eyebrow{font-size:.58rem;margin-bottom:6px}

/* professional links should read like tiny inline glyphs, not badges */
.social-icons{gap:9px;margin-top:12px}
.social-icons a{width:11px;height:11px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}
.social-icons svg{width:9px;height:9px}

/* homepage research visuals: quiet thumbnails */
.research-card{grid-template-columns:58px 1fr;gap:15px;padding:17px 0}
.research-card img{width:54px;height:48px;object-fit:contain;align-self:start;margin-top:2px}
.research-card .num{margin-bottom:5px}
.research-card h3{font-size:.92rem}
.research-card p{font-size:.78rem;line-height:1.55}

@media(max-width:820px){
  .hero-grid{grid-template-columns:76px 1fr;gap:18px}
  .hero-photo{width:70px;height:84px}
  .hero h1{font-size:1.55rem}
  .research-card{grid-template-columns:50px 1fr;gap:12px}
  .research-card img{width:46px;height:42px}
}
@media(max-width:560px){
  .hero{padding:28px 0 26px}
  .hero-grid{grid-template-columns:64px 1fr;gap:16px;align-items:start}
  .portrait-wrap{grid-column:1;grid-row:1}
  .hero-copy{grid-column:2;grid-row:1}
  .hero-photo{width:58px;height:70px}
  .hero h1{font-size:1.34rem}
  .hero .lead{font-size:.82rem}
  .social-icons{margin-top:10px}
  .research-card{grid-template-columns:42px 1fr;gap:10px}
  .research-card img{width:38px;height:36px}
}

/* v9: balanced homepage image sizing */
@media(min-width:821px){
  .hero{padding:40px 0 34px}
  .hero-grid{grid-template-columns:120px 1fr;gap:30px;align-items:center}
  .hero-photo{width:108px;height:130px}
  .research-card{grid-template-columns:82px 1fr;gap:18px}
  .research-card img{width:76px;height:68px}
}
@media(min-width:561px) and (max-width:820px){
  .hero-grid{grid-template-columns:104px 1fr;gap:22px;align-items:center}
  .hero-photo{width:94px;height:114px}
  .research-card{grid-template-columns:70px 1fr;gap:16px}
  .research-card img{width:64px;height:58px}
}
@media(max-width:560px){
  .hero-grid{grid-template-columns:90px 1fr;gap:18px;align-items:start}
  .portrait-wrap{grid-column:1;grid-row:1}
  .hero-copy{grid-column:2;grid-row:1}
  .hero-photo{width:82px;height:98px}
  .research-card{grid-template-columns:60px 1fr;gap:14px}
  .research-card img{width:54px;height:50px}
}


/* v11: portrait, social links, and publication hierarchy */
@media(min-width:821px){
  .hero-grid{grid-template-columns:158px 1fr;gap:34px}
  .hero-photo{width:148px;height:148px;border-radius:50%;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 26%;}
}
@media(min-width:561px) and (max-width:820px){
  .hero-grid{grid-template-columns:126px 1fr;gap:24px}
  .hero-photo{width:118px;height:118px;border-radius:50%;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 26%;}
}
@media(max-width:560px){
  .hero-grid{grid-template-columns:104px 1fr;gap:18px}
  .hero-photo{width:98px;height:98px;border-radius:50%;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 26%;}
}
.social-icons{gap:10px}
.social-icons a{width:16px;height:16px}
.social-icons svg{width:13px;height:13px}
.pub-section-title{padding:8px 0 12px;margin-top:6px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.pub-section-title + .pub-card{border-top:0!important}
.pub-section-title .eyebrow{margin:0 0 3px}
.pub-section-title h2{font-size:1.12rem;line-height:1.35;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:-.02em;margin:0}
.pub-section-title p{font-size:.76rem;color:var(--muted);margin:4px 0 0;max-width:650px}


/* v13: profile scale, collaboration, syllabus, and publication structure */
@media(min-width:821px){
  .hero-grid{grid-template-columns:190px 1fr;gap:38px}
  .hero-photo{width:178px;height:178px;border-radius:50%;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 24%}
}
@media(min-width:561px) and (max-width:820px){
  .hero-grid{grid-template-columns:150px 1fr;gap:28px}
  .hero-photo{width:140px;height:140px;border-radius:50%;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 24%}
}
@media(max-width:560px){
  .hero-grid{grid-template-columns:116px 1fr;gap:18px}
  .hero-photo{width:108px;height:108px;border-radius:50%;object-fit:cover;object-position:center 24%}
}
.social-icons{gap:12px}
.social-icons a{width:22px;height:22px}
.social-icons svg{width:17px;height:17px}
.contact-social-icons{margin-top:16px;gap:14px}
.contact-social-icons a{width:28px;height:28px}
.contact-social-icons svg{width:18px;height:18px}
.contact-social-labels{margin-top:8px;font-size:.67rem;color:var(--muted)}
.research-open-call{margin-top:26px;padding:20px 0 4px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.research-open-call h3{font-size:1rem;font-weight:500;margin:0 0 6px}
.research-open-call p{max-width:650px;color:var(--muted);font-size:.82rem;margin:0 0 10px}
.crosscutting-motif{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,64px);gap:8px;padding-top:6px}
.crosscutting-motif span{width:64px;height:64px;border:1px solid #d8e0e7;display:grid;place-items:center;border-radius:50%;font-size:.65rem;letter-spacing:.08em;color:var(--blue);background:#f8fbfd}
.syllabus-link{display:inline-block;margin-top:8px;font-size:.72rem;color:var(--blue);border-bottom:1px solid rgba(63,111,168,.28)}
.syllabus-note{font-size:.72rem;color:var(--muted);margin:-6px 0 16px}
.pipeline-block{margin-bottom:34px}
.pipeline-block>h2{font-size:1.22rem;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:-.02em;margin:2px 0 4px}
.pipeline-block>p{font-size:.78rem;color:var(--muted);margin:0 0 8px}
.pipeline-list{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
.all-pubs-title{margin:10px 0 14px}
.all-pubs-title h2{font-size:1.22rem}
@media(max-width:560px){
  .social-icons a{width:20px;height:20px}
  .social-icons svg{width:15px;height:15px}
  .crosscutting-motif{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,48px);gap:6px}
  .crosscutting-motif span{width:48px;height:48px}
}

/* Final profile icon sizing */
.social-icons { gap: 10px; }
.social-icons a { width: 26px; height: 26px; }
.social-icons svg { width: 15px; height: 15px; }
.contact-social-icons { gap: 13px; }
.contact-social-icons a { width: 30px; height: 30px; }
.contact-social-icons svg { width: 18px; height: 18px; }
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .social-icons a { width: 24px; height: 24px; }
  .social-icons svg { width: 14px; height: 14px; }
  .contact-social-icons a { width: 28px; height: 28px; }
  .contact-social-icons svg { width: 17px; height: 17px; }
}
/* --- Final Mobile Hero Overrides --- */
@media (max-width: 560px) {
    .hero-grid {
        display: flex !important;
        flex-direction: column !important;
        align-items: center !important;
        text-align: center !important;
        gap: 18px !important;
    }
    
    /* Release the grid constraints */
    .portrait-wrap, .hero-copy {
        grid-column: auto !important;
        grid-row: auto !important;
    }
    
    /* Properly size and center the photo */
    .hero-photo {
        width: 120px !important;
        height: 120px !important;
        margin: 0 auto !important;
        display: block !important;
    }
    
    /* Center the social icons to match the centered text */
    .social-icons {
        justify-content: center !important;
        margin-top: 15px !important;
    }
}
/* Fix mobile dropdown menu overlapping - MOBILE ONLY */
@media (max-width: 820px) {
    .nav-links.open {
        z-index: 9999 !important; /* Forces the menu to the very top layer */
        background-color: #fcfbf8 !important; /* Forces a solid background color so nothing bleeds through */
        box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.05) !important; /* Optional: Adds a slight shadow so it looks like a dropdown */
    }
}